Three-dimensional periodontal investigations using a prototype handheld ultrasound scanner with spatial positioning reading sensor

Radu Chifor, Mengxun Li, Kim-Cuong T Nguyen, Tudor Arsenescu, Ioana Chifor, Alexandru Florin Badea, Mindra Eugenia Badea, Mircea Hotoleanu, Paul W Major, Lawrence H Le

Abstract


Aim: To demonstrate the feasibility of the 3D ultrasound periodontal tissue reconstruction of the lateral area of a porcine mandible using standard 2D ultrasound equipment and spatial positioning reading sensors.

Material and method: Periodontal 3D reconstructions were performed using a free-hand prototype based on a 2D US scanner and a spatial positioning reading sensor. For automated data processing, deep learning algorithms were implemented and trained using semi-automatically seg-mented images by highly specialized imaging professionals.

Results: US probe movement analysis showed that non-parallel 2D frames were acquired during the scanning procedure. Comparing 3 different 3D periodontal reconstructions of the same porcine mandible, the accuracy ranged between 0.179 mm and 0.235 mm.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the diagnostic potential of 3D reconstruction using a free-hand 2D US scanner with spatial positioning readings. The use of auto-mated data processing with deep learning algorithms makes the process practical in the clinical environment for assessment of periodontal soft tissues.


Keywords


periodontal ultrasonography; 3D imaging; artificial intelligence; ultrasound imaging; periodontal diagnosis

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu-2837

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